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1.2 Linux Distributions Overview

A Linux distribution (often called a “distro”) is a complete operating system built around the Linux kernel, combined with system tools, libraries, package managers, and user applications.

Although all Linux distributions share the same kernel, they differ in:

  • Package management systems
  • Default software selections
  • Release cycles
  • Target users and use cases

Why Distributions Exist

Linux distributions exist to address different needs, such as:

  • Server stability
  • Desktop usability
  • Enterprise support
  • Embedded or lightweight systems

Each distribution makes design choices that balance stability, features, and ease of use.


Common Distribution Families

Most Linux distributions belong to a few major families, including:

  • Debian-based distributions
  • Red Hat–based distributions
  • Independent or specialized distributions

Understanding these families helps you transfer skills between systems, even if the exact commands or tools differ slightly.


📌 Note:
In the next sections, we will briefly introduce several widely used distributions and explain how they are typically used.